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Himachal Pradesh at a glance : |
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| Area |
55,673 sq. km. |
| Population |
60,70,305 |
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Males = 50.75 % |
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Females = 49.25 % |
| Sex Ratio |
976 ( females per 1000 males ) |
| Growth |
17.49 % ( 1991 - 2001 ) |
| Density |
109 ( per square km. ) |
| Literacy rate |
77.13 % (2001 ) |
| Capital |
Shimla |
| No. of districts |
12 |
| Sub-Division |
52 |
| Tehsils |
75 |
| Sub-Tehsils |
34 |
| Development Block |
75 |
| Towns |
57 |
| Panchayats |
3,037 |
| Panchayat Smities |
75 |
| Zila Parishad |
12 |
| Urban Local Bodies |
53 |
| Nagar Nigam |
1 |
| Nagar Parishad |
19 |
| Nagar Panchayats |
33 |
| Census Villages |
20,118 |
| Inhabited Villages |
16,807 |
| Health Institutions |
3,820 |
| Educational Institutions |
13,861 |
| Motorable Roads |
22,650 km. |
| Villages Connected with Roads |
7,897 |
| Road density |
40.50 km. |
| Bridges |
1,148 |
| No. of National Highways |
8 |
| Identified Hydroelectric Potential |
20,376 MW in five rivers |
| Potential harnessed |
3,945 MW |
| Irrigation facility available |
1.95 lakh hectare ( CCA Created ) |
| Food grain production |
17.47 lakh tonnes |
| Vegetable production |
5.80 lakh tonnes |
| Area under Vegetable production |
34,000 hectare |
| Fruit Production |
5.10 lakh tonnes |
| Milk Production |
7.60 lakh tonnes |
| 10th Five Year Plan |
Rs. 10750 Crore |
| Annual Plan |
Rs. 1,900 Crore |
| Per Capita Income |
Rs. 18,920 ( Quick Estimate ) |
| Legislature |
Unicameral |
| Judicature |
High Court at Shimla |
| Principle Languages |
Hindi and Pahari |
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Location of Himachal Pradesh : |
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Himachal Pradesh is bound between 30°22’ to 33°12’ North
Latitude and 75°47’ to 79°04’ East Longitude.
To the East, it forms India's border with Tibet, to the North lies
state of Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh in the South-East, Haryana
in South and Punjab in the West. The entire teritory of Himachal
Pradesh is mountainous with altitude varying from 350 to 7000 metres
above the mean sea level. Himachal Pradesh is a hilly and mountainous
tract. There is general increase in elevation from West to East
and from South to North.
Important Cities and Towns :- Chamba, Dalhousie,
Kangra, Dharamsala, Palampur, Hamirpur, Una, Bilaspur, Solan, Nahan,
Shimla, Mandi, Kullu, Manali.
Himachal Pradesh can be divided into two regions, Northern and Southern. The
southern region of Himachal is almost as hot as plains with a mild difference
in temperature in different areas. Northern region has a temperature summer and
very cold winter with heavy snow fall. |
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History of Himachal Pradesh : |
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Himachal Pradesh came into being on April 15, 1948 and comprised
30 former hill states. The state of Bilaspur was merged with Himachal
Pradesh in 1954. The six original districts were : Mahasu, Sirmaur,
Mandi, Chamba, Bilaspur and Kinnaur. On November 1, 1966certain parts
of the state of Punjab were transferred to Himachal Pradesh. These
comprise the districts of Shimla, Kullu, Kangra and Lahaul and Spiti
and parts of Hoshiarpur and Ambala districts. Himachal Pradesh attained
full statehood on January 25, 1971 as the 18th State of the Union.
Old Himachal :- consists of districts of Chamba,
Kinnaur, Bilaspur, Mandi, Sirmaur and Shimla. Actually the capital
town Shimla was included in Himachal later, but it has some area
from old Himachal.
New Himachal :- consists of districts of Kangra,
Kullu, Lahaul and Spity, Hamirpur and Una.
( What we see today as Himachal Pradesh is the combination of old Himachal and
the new Himachal). |
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Economy of Himachal Pradesh : |
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Agriculture and horticulture are the mainstay of Himachal Pradesh.
About 76% of he total working population is engaged in these occupations.
About 20% of the net area sown is under irrigation. Fruits and cash
crops, like seed potatoes, ginger, vegetable seeds, apples, stone
fruits, etc. are grown in the State. Wheat, maize and rice are the
major food crops. Besides apples, excellent variety of plums, peaches
and apricots is also grown. Forests cover 68% of the total area of
the State.
Rock salt, slate, gypsum, limestone, barytes, dolomite and pyrites are the important
minerals of Himachal Pradesh. Agro-horticulture produce, herbal resources, wool,
sericulture and electronics industries have come up in Himachal Pradesh. There
is also a brewery at Solan in the private sector, as also two big cement plants.
One of the biggest fruit processing plant in Asia is in operation at Parwanoo. |
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